MODALS

Source : Google

Modals adalah kata kerja bantu (auxiliary) yang memberikan arti tambahan dalam kalimat dan tidak mengubah bentuk gramatika suatu kata kerja.

1. CAN
   - Menyatakan kemampuan (ability)
   

   > He can speak five languages.

   
   

   > She can lift the heavy box.

   
   
   - Menyatakan kemungkinan (possibility)
   

   > It can snow in April.

   
   

   > It can rain in October. 

    

   - Menyatakan ijin / kebolehan (permission)
   

   > You can go now.

   
   

   > She can leave soon. 

    

   - Can = be able to jika digunakan dalam future / perfect tense
   

   > She has been able to solve the problem herself.

   
   

   > They will be able to clomb that mountain. 

   
   
   
   
2. MAY
   - Menyatakan kebolehan / ijin (permission)
   

   > May I ask you a question? 

   > May I come to your house?

   - Menyatakan kemungkinan (possibility)
   

   > It may rain tonight.

   
   

   > You are here now, she may stay at home alone.

   
   
   - Menyatakan harapan (wish)

   > May you soon be well again.

   
   

   > May God bless you. 

   
   
   
   
3. WILL
   - Menyatakan future (to be going to)
   

   > He will take an English course next semester.

   
   

   > She is going to Australia next semester. 

    

   - Menyatakan persetujuan dan keinginan
   

   > I will do whatever you think the best.

   
   

   > We will come if we have more time. 

    

   - Menyatakan permintaan
   

   > Will you close the window, please?

   
   

   > WIll you help me for a minute, please? 

   
   
   
   
4. SHALL
   - Menyatakan future (to be going to) sebaiknya digunakkan untuk subjek I dan We
   

   > I shall leave for Harvard tomorrow.

   
   

   > We shall go next.

   
   

   
   

   - Menyatakan persetujuan atau bantuan untuk melakukan sesuatu bagi orang lain
   

   > Shall I answer the telephone for you?

   
   

   > Shall I open the front door for you? 

   
   
   - Menyatakan keputusan (decision) yang harus dilaksanakan
   

   > You shall go out now.

   
   

   > I shall do the job right now. 

   
   
   
   
5. MUST
   - Menyatakan kebutuhan (necessity) dan keharusan (=have to)
   

   > I must take a rest.

   
   

   > My father must take the medical care in the city hospital. 

    

   - Menyatakan kemungkinan kuat (strong possibility)
   

   > She was absent yesterday. She must have been sick again.

   
   

   > He wasn't there when it happened. He must have gone out. 

    

   - Menyatakan kesimpulan (conclusion)
   

   > The door is locked. He must not be at home.

   
   

   > The window is open. The owner of the house must be in.

    
   - Must = be able to = am/is/are/have/has/was/were/had to
   

   > She must enroll last week, it is stopped now.

   
   

   > They must submit their assignments a week ago. 

   
   
   
   
6. COULD- Bentuk lampau dari CAN dan menyatakan kebolehan
   

   > You could come to my house yesterday night.

   
   

   > Could I run the businesss myself? 

   
   
   
   
7. MIGHT- Bentuk lampau dari MAY dan menyatakan kemungkinan besar
   

   > If you invited him, he might come to the meeting.

   
   

   > They might have left early because they arrived first. 

   
   
   
   
8. WOULD- Bentuk lampau dari WILL dan menyatakan permintaan yang lebih sopan
   

   > I would go if it didn't rain yesterday.

   
   

   > Would you like to came to my house tonight? 

   
   
   
   
9. SHOULD- Menyatakan anjuran (advisability)

   > You look pake. you should see a doctor.  

   > He seems sleepy when he drives. You should ask him to stop. 

   
   - Menyatakan kewajiban (obligatory duty) = ought to
   

   > Everyone should respect parents.  

   > He should come to take the test on time. 

   
   - Menyatakan kesimpulan yang sudah jelas
   

   > She took singing lesson for years, she should be an excellent singer.  

   > You lived in London for five years, you should speak English fluently. 

   
   
   

Thankyou to Mam Erna and Mr. Ratmoko

Source : A Learner's Pocket Grammar/Modals that has been written in my notebook